These events led Octavian to the absolute leadership over Rome Moreover, Octavian strangled Caesarion claiming that “two Caesars are one too many,” while Antony’s eldest son was killed because Octavian considered him as a threat to Rome. Consequently, Antony and Cleopatra lost Alexandria and committed suicide. Later on, at the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE, the army of Octavian with General Agrippa destructed forces of Antony and Cleopatra and pursued them until 30 BCE. However, the Senate rejected Antony’s consulship and started the war on Cleopatra VII. At the same time, the worst declaration of Antony was about Caesarion’s true heir, Julius Caesar. Octavian called his ex-supporter a renegade. Consequently, the will passed Roman territories to the sons of Antony and included instructions for a grand mausoleum to be constructed in Alexandria for Antony and his love Cleopatra. The adopted son of Caesar made the priestesses of the temple of Vesta surrender the will of Antony, which he read in the Senate. Octavian started to consider Antony inappropriate leader in political, private and military spheres
As a result, Octavia and Antony became divorced. This romance led to the conflict between Octavian and Antony, where Octavian accused him in use of his sister. However, Antony acquired strong relationships with Cleopatra VII of Egypt, who was the former lover of Caesar and mother of his son Caesarion, but with time became a lover of Antony. Later, in 40 BCE, Octavian tried to save their alliance and gave his sister, Octavia Minor, in marriage to Antony. When the Second Triumvirate came to an end, relations between Octavian and Mark Antony became much worse. Consequently, Lepidus lost all his titles, except of Pontifex Maximus, and the Second Triumvirate came to an end. However, Octavian proposed a huge amount of money to the troops of Lepidus, so they defected to him. Undoubtedly, the Second Triumvirate was successful in the battle over Pompeius, so Lepidus pushed Octavian to leave Sicily, the theatre of operations, with his army. If you need a reliable transfer from airport to your hotel in Rome, order it on – fix price is only 60 euro. Octavian and Lepidus attacked Sextus Pompeius (son of Pompey, main rival of Caesar) for the leadership of Rome with the help of Antony from Egypt At the battle of Phillipi in 42 BCE, the army of Brutus and Cassius was attacked by the forces of the Triumvirate, which forced both assassins to make suicide. After completing their first aim, the Triumvirate focused on Caesar’s assassins. It is not clear who was the main responsible among them three for the killings where some writers and historians call Augustus innocent, while others consider him the most bloodshed. The first objective of the new alliance was to kill all the political rivals and supporters of Caesar’s assassins. Also, another supporter of Caesar, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, joined them, and it became the reason for the formation of the Second Triumvirate in October of 43 BCE. 2 Relationships with Antony and CleopatraĪfter the assassination of the step-father of Augustus, Julius Caesar, in March of 44 BCE, the first emperor created an alliance with Caesar’s close friend and relative, Mark Antony.
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